Lei Duan completed his Ph.D. at Syracuse University with a dissertation entitled "The Prism of Violence: Private Gun Ownership in Modern China, 1860-1949." He is currently working as a post- doctoral fellow at the Lieberthal-Rogel Center for Chinese Studies (LRCCS) at the University of Michigan and reports the following publication: "Between Social Control and Popular Power: The Circulation of Private Guns and Control Policies during the mid to late Qing, 1781-1911," American Journal of Chinese Studies 25 (November 2017), 121-40.